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Article

Numerical Simulation of Ocean-Ice Shelf Interaction in the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Seasonal Variability of Dense Shelf Water and its Controlling Factors

로스해 해양-빙붕 상호작용을 고려한 수치 모의: 고밀도 대륙붕수의 계절변동 특성과 조절 요인

Sung-Ho Choo1
,
Taekyun Kim1*
,
Jae-Hong Moon12
,
Emilia Kyung Jin3
,
Daehyuk Kim2
추 성호1
,
김 태균1*
,
문 재홍12
,
진 경3
,
김 대혁2
1Department of Earth and Marine Science, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
2Center for Sea-Level Changes, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
3Department of Policy and Partnership, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea
1제주대학교 해양과학대학 지구해양과학과 (63243) 제주특별자치도 제주시 제주대학로 102
2제주대학교 해수면변동연구센터 (63243) 제주특별자치도 제주시 제주대학로 102
3극지연구소 정책협력부 (21990) 인천광역시 연수구 송도미래로 26
*Corresponding Author
14 July 2025. pp. 1-18
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Abstract

The Ross Sea continental shelf plays a crucial role in ocean circulation and climate regulation by forming Dense Shelf Water (DSW), which contributes to the production of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) that ventilates the abyssal Pacific. DSW primarily composed of High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW), formed through brine release during sea ice formation in coastal polynyas, with additional contributions from mixing with Ice Shelf Water (ISW) originating from basal meltwater beneath ice shelves. The export of AABW from the Ross Sea shelf is compensated by the import of lighter water masses from adjacent regions. Consequently, the characteristics of shelf waters are highly sensitive to these transports, which serve as an effective regulator of shelf water salinity. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional ocean circulation model that incorporates sea ice processes and physical interactions at the ocean-ice shelf interface. This system successfully reproduces the formation and circulation of the major water masses in the Ross Sea, as well as the export of AABW toward the Pacific basin. Using model results, the seasonal variability of DSW volume and underlying processes driving the changes were investigated. Despite active sea ice formation throughout the austral autumn and winter, which supplies HSSW, the volume of DSW decreases during autumn before increasing rapidly in winter. This seasonal contrast is attributed to the strengthening of westward currents in autumn, which enhances the inflow of fresher water from the Amundsen Sea and the export of AABW, ultimately reducing the proportion of dense water masses on the shelf. During winter, as these transport processes weaken, the persistent brine release from active sea ice formation in coastal polynyas leads to an increase in the volume of DSW.

Keywords
Ross Sea
Dense Shelf Water
sea ice process
ocean-ice shelf interaction
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Information
  • Publisher :Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국해양과학기술원
  • Journal Title :Ocean and Polar Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :Ocean and Polar Research
  • Volume : 47
  • Pages :1-18
  • Received Date : 2025-04-01
  • Revised Date : 2025-06-03
  • Accepted Date : 2025-06-25
  • Published Date : 2025-07-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2025011
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