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Article

Sea Surface Temperature Variability in a Multi-Millennial Control Simulation with the Kiel Climate Model

킬 기후모델 수천 년 적분 기준 실험의 해수면온도의 변동성

Wonsun Park12*
박 원선12*
1IBS Center for Climate Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
2Department of Integrated Climate System Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
1부산대학교 IBS기후물리연구단 (46241) 부산광역시 금정구 부산대학로 63번길2
2부산대학교 탄소중립기후변화학과 통합기후시스템과학전공 (46241) 부산광역시 금정구 부산대학로 63번길2
*Corresponding Author
22 August 2025. pp. 1-13
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Abstract

The paper presents the internal climate variability simulated in a 5,000-year-long preindustrial control run with the Kiel Climate Model (KCM). The focus is on sea surface temperature (SST), as it links the ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice, making it an efficient indicator of the variability. The climate model has a particularly high resolution in the ocean model, at 0.5 degrees globally. The total SST variability obtained from the annual mean is quantified, as are the relative ratios of the decadal and centennial variability to the total variability. The SST shows rich variability, of which interannual variability is important in the tropical Pacific, decadal to multi-decadal variability in the western boundary currents, and centennial variability in high latitudes. The simulation shows particularly strong centennial variability with spectral energy concentrated at 80–100 years. This signal is centered in the Southern Ocean and affects global teleconnection, particularly in the tropics.

Keywords
sea surface temperature
internal climate variability
centennial variability
climate model
multi-millennial control simulation
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Information
  • Publisher :Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국해양과학기술원
  • Journal Title :Ocean and Polar Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :Ocean and Polar Research
  • Volume : 47
  • Pages :1-13
  • Received Date : 2024-06-26
  • Revised Date : 2024-07-27
  • Accepted Date : 2024-07-30
  • Published Date : 2025-08-22
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2025013
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